The utility of the consumer from the ancients to the classics

The concept of utility is, together with the one of cost, the most important one in economic theory; all economic theories – except for the one of the producer – consider utility in their substantiation. Utility appears involved in the subjective theory of value, in the theory of imputation, of decision, of welfare and of playing. Due to the signification it possesses, utility has been initially debated by philosophers, theologians, scientists, who have inevitably inserted ethic or religious elements in the definition of the concept. To a great extent, economic problems are also ethic problems and the contradictions and interferences between moral and economy or their interdependencies with other social sciences have been a reason of controversial debates, especially during the last decades. This study is first of all a theoretical one, presenting multiple aspects on the evolution of the utility paradigm in the economic theory – starting with Antiquity and finishing with the classics – also considering the progress generated by its development in the science of Economy.&nbsp

New Valences for the Financial-Accounting System

A new approach to a company’s information systems is needed, if we take into consideration the globalization process of the economy, the intensified competition, the impose of new qualitative demands or the adjustment to new accounting standards. The former accountant is about to be replaced by the „professional employee with accounting information”, who knows very well how to use the domain technologies. The need for clear, correct and significant information has become a must for all the departments of a company and, definitely, this is especially the case for the financial-accounting department, i.e. when we have to come up with solutions for the profitability of the company.financial accounting system, intelligent technology, multiagent systems, mining technology

New Valences for the Financial-Accounting System

A new approach to a company’s information systems is needed, if wetake into consideration the globalization process of the economy, the intensifiedcompetition, the impose of new qualitative demands or the adjustment to newaccounting standards. The former accountant is about to be replaced by the„professional employee with accounting information”, who knows very wellhow to use the domain technologies. The need for clear, correct and significantinformation has become a must for all the departments of a company and,definitely, this is especially the case for the financial-accounting department,i.e. when we have to come up with solutions for the profitability of thecompany

The Impact of Technology on Improving the Learning Process in Physical Education Lessons for Medically-Exempt Pupils

Background and Study Aim. The focus of our attention lies on the medically exempt students, who more often than not take part in physical education (P.E.) classes as spectators, without any tasks to complete in accord with the collective work of their classmates or the objective of the lesson. The purpose of the present research is to develop and implement the application Info-Scutit-Sport in the P.E. lesson to the purpose of teaching and assessing medically-exempt students, who are present, but do not take part in the lesson. Material and Methods. The present paper emphasises the usefulness of the Info-Scutit-Efort [Info-Exempt-Effort] application aimed at the active and mindful inclusion of 55 students (aged=11.29±1.84), who have a medical exemption (58.2% total and 42.8% partial) in the P.E. lesson. The appli-cation, in an improved form, comprises the entire content of the curriculum of physical edu-cation in secondary school, transformed into 2080 questions with three answer variants, with 1500 processed images, that may be accessed with the teacher’s accord, on the stu-dent’s own phone. The assessment obtained by means of the application after the working session may provide the student with a mark for the information taught before, if he accesses topics from the previous lessons, or a mark for the current assessment in order to test the ac-tive and mindful participation in the lesson which is being taught. Conclusions. The study utilized multiple statistical tests to establish a relationship between platform access time and student performance. The results of the tests demonstrated that platform use time has a significant impact on student performance, with longer platform access time leading to hi-gher marks. The study concluded that the proposed model is significant, as it identifies plat-form access time as a crucial factor in determining student performance. Moreover, the study found that even small increases in platform access time can lead to significant impro-vements in student performance, with an increase of one unit resulting in a 0.54% increase in marks

Determining factors in shaping the sustainable behavior of the generation Z consumer

Introduction: Organizations currently emphasize green marketing strategies by implementing marketing practices, aiming to design, produce, promote and sell green products. Thus, both consumers and producers have turned their attention to the category of environmental friendly products, taking into account that the concept of green marketing is now being given greater importance. Responsible organizations have begun to adapt their strategies in production, promotion and interaction activities with consumers or potential consumers of organic products in the context we are going through, when environmental protection becomes an imperative. Analysis of the sustainable behavior of Generation Z is a determining factor from the perspective of the task that this generation will naturally take on, in terms of environmental responsibility.Methods: The research aims to determine the profile of the Generation Z consumer, in order to adapt the strategic actions of the government or organizations to direct and educate as objectively and efficiently as possible towards adopting the principles of ecological, sustainable and responsible consumption. Based on the data collected through a survey, we analyzed the sustainable behavior of Generation Z consumers studying at Romanian universities where there are specializations in this field. The research is quantitative, using structural equation modelling with partial least squares (PLSSEM) to test the hypotheses regarding the relationship between the determining factors and the sustainable behavior of Generation Z consumers.Results and Discussion: The results show that there is a positive relationship between both the sustainable behavior of Generation Z consumers and the satisfaction it conveys to them, as well as their environmental protection activities. However, there is no relationship between the sustainable behavior of Generation Z consumers and the green marketing practices of the organizations, environmental issues and their identification with the environmentally responsible consumer

Renewable energy strategy analysis in relation to environmental pollution for BRICS, G7, and EU countries by using a machine learning framework and panel data analysis

The present research uses machine learning, panel data and time series prediction and forecasting techniques to establish a framework between a series of renewable energy and environmental pollution parameters, considering data for BRICS, G7, and EU countries, which can serve as a tool for optimizing the policy strategy in the sustainable energy production sector. The results indicates that XGBoost model for predicting the renewable energy production capacity reveals the highest feature importance among independent variables is associated with the gas consumption parameter in the case of G7, oil consumption for EU block and GHG emissions for BRICS, respectively. Furthermore, the generalized additive model (GAM) predictions for the EU block reveal the scenario of relatively constant renewable energy capacity if gas consumption increases, while oil consumption increases determine an increase in renewable energy capacity until a kick point, followed by a decrease. The GAM models for G7 revealed the scenario of an upward trend of renewable energy production capacity, as gas consumption increases and renewable energy production capacity decreases while oil consumption increases. In the case of the BRICS geopolitical block, the prediction scenario reveals that, in time, an increase in gas consumption generates an increase in renewable energy production capacity. The PCA emphasizes that renewable energy production capacity and GHG, respectively CO2 emissions, are highly correlated and are integrated into the first component, which explains more than 60% of the variance. The resulting models represent a good prediction capacity and reveal specific peculiarities for each analyzed geopolitical block. The prediction models conclude that the EU economic growth scenario is based on fossil fuel energy sources during the first development stage, followed by a shift to renewable energy sources once it reaches a kick point, during the second development stage. The decrease in renewable energy production capacity when oil consumption increases indicates that fossil fuels are in trend within the G7 economy. In the case of BRICS, it is assumed that gas consumption appears because of increasing the industrial capacity, followed by the increase of economic sustainability, respectively. In addition, the generalized additive models emphasize evolution scenarios with different peculiarities, specific for each analyzed geopolitical block

Unemployment Prospective in Romania

The work has the purpose of presentation of unemployment in Romania during the period from January 1992 to April 2018, but also to achieve a forecast using stohastic models for the forecast. Issue of unemployment is analyzed on the labor market, being seen as a mismatch between demand for supply of labor. The unemployment rate is one of the factors which needs to be examined in the macro-economic growth, since it has major social and economic implications

Kuhn's Hungarian Algorithm using a Commercial Network of Wholesale Warehouses and Retail Stores

Econometrics is a discipline that can be used for decision profitability. To this end, using Kuhn's algorithm, we analyzed the profitability problem for chain stores. An econometric model shows the economic relationships that may occur between variables. These relationships describe the behavior of economic variables and try to shape reality as well

An Integrated Dashboard and Balanced Scorecard Solution

Access to information has always been a stringent necessity for any organization. This necessity has become more stringent in the actual economic context, as decisions must be taken in the shortest time. That is why since, the early sixties, the Decision Support Systems appeared. These have evolved together with the client-server technology, during the eighties, towards the today’s Executive Support Systems. Nowadays, these systems tend to be replaced by Dashboards and Balanced Scorecards (BSC), which fulfill the more and more sophisticated and growing information needs of the decision factors. In this article, we shall present an integrated solution for creating dashboards and scorecards using an enterprise portal. In the same time, we will analyze the advantages and disadvantages of a such integrated solution vs. independent solution

Integration of Modern Information Technologies in the Field of Financial Accounting

Financial accounting activities are currently influenced as many other important areas that characterize and surrounds the activities within each economic entity, the avalanche of modern information technologies, which are able to improve specific business processes and to ensure future business success. Approach analysis of the impact of new technologies on this field should be so as a starting point to identify the opportunities and the benefits they would bring to specific activities. Information and communication technologies are in use both at the individual level and at the organizational level with the flexibility of the increasingly high, using a huge volume of information that financial accounting with direct impact on all human activities. Basically, it has already made the passage to a new stage:the global network society, whose main features are digitizing and interconnectivity. In this sense, this paper has as its main objective of examining the impact of modern information technologies may have on the financial accounting domain and the identification and submission directions for their integration within organizations